被动语态的十种形式

被动语态的十种形式

被动语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系是被动关系。以下是英语中被动语态的十种常见形式及其简要解释和例句:

1. 一般现在时的被动语态

结构:am/is/are + 过去分词 例句:The book is sold out.(书卖完了。)

2. 一般过去时的被动语态

结构:was/were + 过去分词 例句:The house was built last year.(这房子去年建的。)

3. 现在进行时的被动语态

结构:am/is/are being + 过去分词 例句:The clothes are being washed by her.(衣服正在被她洗。)

4. 过去进行时的被动语态

结构:was/were being + 过去分词 例句:The problem was being discussed when the boss came in.(老板进来时,问题正在被讨论。)

5. 现在完成时的被动语态

结构:have/has been + 过去分词 例句:This book has been translated into many languages.(这本书已被译成多种语言。)

6. 过去完成时的被动语态

结构:had been + 过去分词 例句:By the end of last year, this bridge had been built.(到去年年底为止,这座桥已建成。)

7. 一般将来时的被动语态

结构:(will be)/(shall be) + 过去分词;其中,(will be)用于各人称;(shall be)仅用于第一人称单数及复数 例句:The new film will be shown next week.(这部新电影下周上映。)

8. 过去将来时的被动语态

结构:would be + 过去分词;或在从句中用was/were going to be + 过去分词 例句:She said she would be invited to speak at the meeting.(她说她将被邀请在会上发言。)

9. 含情态动词的被动语态

结构:情态动词 + be + 过去分词 例句:You must be careful with that vase; it can easily be broken.(你必须小心那个花瓶,它很容易被打碎。)

10. 带不定式的被动语态(用作定语或宾语补足语)

结构:to be + 过去分词 例句:I have something important to be done.(我有重要的事情要做。)
(注意:在此结构中,“to be”常可省略,直接说“something important to do”)

以上是对英语中被动语态十种形式的简要介绍和例句展示。希望这些内容能帮助你更好地理解和运用被动语态。